山海关长城是万里长城的入海处。“两京锁钥无双地，万里长城第一关”，属河北省秦皇岛市山海关境内。接下来是小编为大家整理的关于山海关长城英文导游词，方便大家阅读与鉴赏!
ShanhaiguanisamunicipaldistrictofQinhuangdaoCity,HebeiProvince.ItislocatedinthenortheastcornerofHebeiProvince,thewestendofLiaoxicorridor,andthenortheastofQinhuangdaocity.IntheEastandNorth,itbordersSuizhongCounty,LiaoningProvince;inthewest,itbordersHaigangDistrict,QinhuangdaoCity;inthenorthwest,itbordersFuningCounty,HebeiProvince;inthesouth,itfacesLiaodongPeninsulaandShandongPeninsulaacrossthesea.TheEast-Westhorizontaldistanceis18.30km,andtheNorth-Southverticaldistanceis16.92km.AccordingtoLinyucountyannals,"inthe14thyearofHongwuintheMingDynasty,XuDajian,DukeofthestateofWei,setupaguardatthepass.Hestationed5000troopsandwenttotheoldYuguanfor60Li.Becauseofthemountainandsea,itwascalledShanhaiPass.".Theplainareaof8squarekilometersbetweenthemountainsandtheseahasbecomeanimportantroadconnectingtheNorthChinaPlainandtheNortheastPlainsinceancienttimes.Itisknownas"thekeyofthetwocapitals,thefirstpassoftheGreatWall".Inthepastandinrecentyears,thesituationofShanhaiguandistricthaschangedfrequently.InShangDynasty,itbelongedtoGuzhustate.InthespringandAutumnperiod,itbelongedtoGuzhuofBeiyan.DuringtheWarringStatesperiod,itbelongedtoBeipingcounty.IntheQinDynasty,itbelongedtothewestofLiaoningProvince.IntheWesternHanDynasty,itbelongedtoLinyuCounty,LiaoxiCounty,Youzhou.DuringthethreeGuoperiod,itbelongedtoLinyuCounty,LiaoxiCounty,weiyouzhou.IntheWesternJinDynasty,itwaslocatedinLinyu,LiaoxiCounty,Youzhou.DuringthesixteenperiodsoftheEasternJinDynasty,itsuccessivelybelongedtoLiaoxiCountyoftheformerYan,LiaoxiCountyoftheformerQin,LiaoxiCountyofthelaterYanandLiaoxiCountyofJizhouinthenorthernYan.DuringthenorthernandSouthernDynasties,itbelongedtoPeipingCountyofPingzhou.
IntheSuiDynasty,itbelongedtoLinyuPalace(pass)inBeipingcounty.IntheTangDynasty,itislocatedinLinyuCounty,DaopingPrefecture,HebeiProvince,andlianyuguan(alsoknownaslinlupass)inShichengCounty.DuringtheFiveDynastiesandTenKingdomsperiod,itwaslocatedinHaibinCounty,Xizhou,DadingPrefecture,Qidan.InLiaoDynasty,itbelongedtoZhongjingRoad,Qianzhouandqianmincounty.IntheJinDynasty,Qianzhouwaslocated.InYuanDynasty,itwaslocatedinqianminTown,Ruizhou,DaningRoad,Liaoyangprovince.MingDynasty,Hongwu14years(1381)homeshanhaiwei,thecapitalYongpinghouse.IntheQingDynasty,shanhaiweiwasremovedinthesecondyearofQianlong(1737)andLinyucountywassetup.Shanhaiguanwastheseatofthecounty,whichbelongedtoYongpingPrefecture.In1913,itbelongedtoLinyuCounty,BohaiRoad,ZhiliProvince,andchangedtoLinyuCounty,JinhaiRoadthenextyear.In1928,LinyuCounty,HebeiProvince.In1935,itbelongedtoLinyuCounty,thepuppetJidongFanggongautonomousgovernment.InSeptemberofthe34thyearofMinGuo(1945),itbelongstoLinyuCounty,the16thspecialdistrictofJireLiaodistrict.OnNovember27,1948,Shanhaiguanwasliberated.ItislocatedinQinyuCounty,HebeiProvince.Shanhaiguanofficewasestablished.OnApril21,1949,itbelongedtoJianshancustomsCity,Liaoxiprovince.InJuly1952,ShanhaiguancitywastransferredtoHebeiProvince.InMarch1953,Shanhaiguanwasremovedfromthecityandbuiltintoadistrict,belongingtoQinhuangdaoCity,HebeiProvince.InApril1958,itbelongstoQinhuangdaoCity,Tangshanspecialdistrict,HebeiProvince.InMay1983,itbelongstoQinhuangdaoCity,HebeiProvince.
Customsisafamousplaceofinterestinancientandmoderntimes.WiththeGreatWallasthemainbodyandtheancientcityasthecore,ithas129castles,passes,enemytowers,citytowers,beacontowersandpiersalongthe26kmlongGreatWalllinefromlaolongtouinthesouthtojiumenkouintheNorth,formingacompletedefensesystemforthelongcity.LuochengisbuiltontheEastandwestsidesofShanhaiguanCity,andYichengisbuiltonthenorthandsouthsides,formingadefensivepatternoffrontarchandbackguard,leftsupportingandrightsupporting.ShanhaiguanancientcitymainlyreferstoShanhaiguancityandDongluoCity,coveringanareaof1.5millionsquaremeters,ofwhichGuanchengcoversanareaof1.26millionsquaremetersandDongluocitycoversanareaof240000squaremeters.Dongluochengisanavant-gardecityofShanhaiguan.Itisanimportantpartofthecitydefense.Itwasbuiltin1583andcompletedthenextyear.Theperimeterofthecityis2040meters,withEast,Southandnorthgates.Therearetwo-storytowersontheeastgateandone-storytoweronthenorthandSouthgates.
Thereareturretsatthecornerofsoutheastandnortheast.Elevenkindsofinscriptions,suchas"Zhendingbuildinginthe12thyearofWanli"and"luanzhoubuildinginthe12thyearofWanli",wereprintedonthebricksfortheconstructionofthecity,whichwereratedasahighlyvaluableculturalreliccitybyexperts.Therearemoatsonthesoutheastandnorthsidesofthecity.InMingDynasty,thereweretemplessuchasemperor'stemple,Tianqi'stempleandmemorialarchwayssuchas"Liaohaithroatsquare"and"Huayisquare";inearlyQingDynasty,therewasFangguanhall.Inadditiontopartialdamage,mostofthewallsofLuochengarerelativelycomplete.ShanhaiguanancientcityisthefirstimportantpassattheeasternstartingpointofthegreatwallofMingDynasty.AmongthethousandsofdangerouspassesalongthegreatwallofMingDynasty,ShanhaiPass,JuyongPassandJiayupassarefamousinancientandmoderntimes.Amongthethreefamouspasses,ShanhaiguanPassranksfirst,soitiscalled"thefirstpassintheworld".HerpositionasanimportantmilitarytownisuniqueamongthepassesoftheGreatWall.ThesefamousculturalrelicshavebecomeavaluableassetofShanhaiguan.